Archives: Treatments

Lumbar Laminectomy is a surgical procedure that also goes by the name open decompression surgery and much like the name suggests, in this surgical procedure, surgeons aim to relieve spinal cord pressure caused by central spinal stenosis. During the procedure, your surgeon will remove the laminae in the spinal cord and reveal the bone spurs and tissues causing the compression. To relieve pressure, your surgeon will cut and clean the bone spurs and remove any tissues responsible for the compression.

A Cervical Laminectomy can be defined as a medical procedure that aims to relieve pressure from the spinal cord and nerves caused by nerve compression in the region. In this decompression surgery, your surgeon will remove the laminae present in the spinal cord and cut away the bone spurs and tissues that are causing the compression.

Occurring in the vagina, vaginal cancer is a rare cancer. The vagina is a muscular tube connecting the uterus with the outer genitals. It mostly occurs in the cells lining the surface of the vagina called the birth canal. Primary vaginal cancer that begins from your vagina is rare. However, the other types of cancer spread from different parts of your body to the vagina. Vaginal cancer is difficult to treat if it spreads beyond the vagina.

A chronic, inflammatory disorder affecting more than just joints is called rheumatoid arthritis. It can damage a wide variety of body systems in some people, like lungs, skin, heart, eyes and blood vessels. It is an autoimmune disorder that takes place when the immune system attacks its own body tissues mistakenly. The condition affects the lining of the joints. This causes a painful swelling resulting in joint deformity and bone erosion.

Skin cancer is the abnormal growth of skin cells that develops on the exposed skin. These areas are the face, arms, chest and hands. However, this can also affect the areas of skin that get less exposure to the sun’s rays. These areas are lips, scalp, neck, the bottom of the feet, ears, genitals and under your fingernails or toenails. Skin cancer starts to appear as freckles, moles or spots on skin.

Throat cancer is the presence of cancerous tumors that develop in the throat (pharynx), tonsils or the voice box (larynx). Beginning behind the nose, throat is a muscular tube that ends in your neck. This type of cancer usually begins in the flat cells lining the inside of the throat. The voice box is present below the throat and is at an equal risk of throat cancer. Cartilage makes up the voice box. Vocal cords that vibrate making sound whenever you talk are present in the voice box. Epiglottis acts as a lid for the windpipe. Throat cancer can also affect a part of the epiglottis.

Chronic Sinusitis is a condition when the spaces (sinuses) inside your head and nose have swelling and inflammation for more than three months. The condition interferes with the normal draining of mucus and leading to a stuffy nose. This results in difficulty in breathing with swelling or tenderness in the area around your nose. An infection, a swelling in the lining of the sinus or growths (nasal polyps) in the sinus may cause Chronic Sinusitis. The condition may affect both adults and children equally. It is also called Rhinosinusitis.

A serious sleep disorder in which the breathing of a person repeatedly interrupted during sleep is called Sleep Apnea. People who wake up tired and snore loudly even after taking sufficient full night’s sleep might be suffering from sleep apnea.

When a clouding is formed over the clear lens of the eyes, it is called a Cataract. People suffering from this ailment feel like seeing through a frosty or fogged-up window when they see through their cloudy lenses. It causes difficulty in several day-to-day activities, such as reading, driving, or even seeing somebody’s face clearly. Although most cataracts develop slowly, your eyesight doesn’t get disturbed early on. However, over time, it eventually starts interfering with your vision. Sometimes cataracts also make the colors appear less vibrant, and yellowed, similar to a sepia-toned photo. Though it is known as the most common cause of vision loss worldwide, it is treatable.

The cancer of the lymphatic system is called lymphoma. The lymphatic system comprises lymph nodes and vessels that are responsible for the movement of the lymphatic fluid throughout the body. White blood cells that fight the infections are present in the lymph fluid. The lymph nodes prevent the spread of infection. 

Laser Hair Removal is a procedure that uses a laser for the removal of unwanted hair. 

Hepatitis C is a viral infection that causes inflammation in the liver. Sometimes, it may cause serious damage to the liver. The virus (HCV or hepatitis C virus) transmits through contaminated blood. Nearly 50 percent of the population is unaware of the fact that they are suffering from hepatitis C. This is mainly because the symptoms don’t appear until the infection advances. Most people suffering from liver disease undergo screening for hepatitis C.

Grave’s Disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to the overproduction of thyroid hormones. The condition is called hyperthyroidism. Amongst the various causes of hyperthyroidism, Grave’s disease is the most common source. This disease is more common in women and people below 40 years of age.

Gallstones are collections of hardened deposits of digestive fluid in the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a pear-shaped, small organ situated on the right side of the abdomen beneath the liver. The digestive fluid called bile is present in the gallbladder. The gallbladder holds this fluid that is released into the small intestine of your body. The size of the gallstones may range from a sand grain to a golf ball. The number of gallstones formation may vary from one to many at a time.

Diabetes mellitus or diabetes is a metabolic condition characterized by high blood sugar (blood glucose) levels associated with other manifestations. It affects the way your body uses blood glucose. Glucose is a fundamental source of energy for the cells that form your tissues and muscles. Hence, it is absolutely necessary for the body and is the main source of fuel for functioning of the brain. Depending on the type of diabetes, the causes of the disease vary. It leads to high sugar levels in your blood, which may cause serious health complications. Insulin is a hormone that takes sugar into the cells for storage to be used for energy later.

Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disease that causes severe damage to the digestive system, lungs, and the other organs of the body. It affects sweat, mucus, and digestive juices producing cells. Normally slippery and thin, these fluids turn sticky and thick in people suffering from cystic fibrosis because of a defective gene. These fluids clog the ducts, tubes, and the passageways mainly in lungs and the pancreas, instead of their lubricating action. The condition progresses with the passage of time and requires you to take care of your health.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a condition causing obstructed airflow from the lungs. It is a chronic inflammatory lung disease caused by long-term exposure to particulate matter or irritating gases including cigarette smoke. People suffering from COPD are at a higher risk of lung cancer, heart diseases, and other conditions. The two conditions that contribute the most to COPD are chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Usually occurring together, these conditions vary in severity amongst the individuals suffering from COPD.

Congestive heart failure is a progressive condition affecting the pumping of blood. It occurs when the muscles of your heart fail to pump blood efficiently. This is mainly because of certain conditions like coronary artery disease (narrowing of arteries in your heart) and high blood pressure that weaken your heart. This results in inefficient filling of blood in your heart and pumping further.

Cancer is one of the diseases that involve abnormal growth of cells. This is an uncontrollable disease that can even affect other parts of the body. One such type of cancer is colon cancer, which affects the digestive tract. Cancer starts from the large intestine and reaches the colon, which is the last part of the digestive system. The disease generally affects the ones who are older in age, but the disease is not age bound and affects the person of any age.

It is a late stage of the fibrosis or scarring of the liver. Many liver diseases or conditions like chronic alcoholism or hepatitis result in cirrhosis. Whenever any disease or excess consumption of alcohol damages your liver, it tries to undergo repair. The scar tissue forms during this process. With the advancement of cirrhosis, more scar tissue develops so that the liver functioning becomes difficult. This condition is decompensated cirrhosis. Advanced cirrhosis may turn out to be life-threatening.

Astigmatism is a common imperfection in your eye curvature that results in blurred distance & near vision, which is generally treatable. When the cornea of your eye or the lens inside your eye possesses mismatched curves, astigmatism occurs. The cornea is the front surface of your eye. The surface becomes egg-shaped instead of having a round ball shape. Because of this, you get a blurred vision at every distance. Often present by birth, the condition occurs in combination with farsightedness or nearsightedness. It doesn’t require corrective action if it isn’t much pronounced. You may opt for lenses or surgery if pronounced.

An Anal Fissure is a tear in the thin mucosa (moist tissue) that lines the anus. It occurs on passing large or hard stools during the bowel movement. Usually, the person may experience pain and bleeding with bowel movements due to Anal Fissures. At the end of the anus (anal sphincter), the person might also experience spasms in the ring of muscle. Although it affects people of any age, it is very common in infants. Some people need simpler treatments while others require medications and surgery for the same.

When the pain spreads out from the sciatic nerve, it is Sciatica. The pain generally boards from the lower back i.e. from hips and buttocks towards the legs. This is the pain that usually affects one side of the body. It mostly occurs when the nerves are compressed by a bone spur on the spine, narrowing of the spin or herniated disk. This can often leads to pain, inflammation, and numbness in legs.

When tissues like part of the intestine protrude through the weak abdominal muscles’ spot, an Inguinal Hernia occurs. The bulge causes pain when you bend, cough, or lift a heavy object. It is not mandatory that the condition is dangerous.

Anemia is a common medical condition is which there is a deficit of Red Blood Cells for carrying oxygen to the various organs of the body. People who suffer from this condition have a low hemoglobin level which is the main protein of the red blood cells.

Diverticula are small pouches that develop in the lining of your large intestine, usually forming in the lower part of the organ. Diverticulitis is a a condition in which one or more of the pouches become inflamed or infected.

Crohn’s disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Crohn’s disease causes severe inflammation if the digestive tract. As a result, you may experience problems such as acute diarrhea, malnutrition, abdominal pain, weight loss, and fatigue.

Esophagus or Esophageal cancer is a medical/ cancerous condition that develops in the esophagus. In most cases, Esophagus cancer would start to develop in the inner layer of your esophagus and then spread to other parts of esophagus and the body.

Some hormones of our body may help growth of cancers like breast & prostate cancer. In hormone therapy, medications are given to deprive the cancer cells of the hormones they need to grow.

Brachytherapy is an internal beam radiation therapy technique where radiation seeds, the size of rice grains are placed in the prostate using a needle, guided by ultrasound imaging. The radioactive seeds keep emitting low dose radiation beams to the cancer over a long period of time (read more…)

Radiation treatment is a type of cancer treatment that uses high level radiation doses to either kill and eliminate the cancer cells or to shrink the malignant (cancerous) tumors in the body. Radiation Treatment uses highly, focused light or heat waves which breaks down the DNA of the cancer cells.

Cartoid Artery stenosis is a medical condition in which the arteries that carry blood from the neck to the face, head, and brain narrows down due to fat deposits or plaque. The narrowed down artery causes a restriction in smooth blood flow and can lead to conditions like atherosclerosis (read more..)

Septoplasty is a surgical procedure that helps to straighten the bone and cartilage that divides the space between the two nostrils. When one’s septum is crooked, it’s called a deviated septum and it makes it harder to breathe for a person through the nose and this can also increase the risk of sinus infections because of poor drainage.

Endometriosis is a disorder in the female reproductive system that is generally quite painful. A tissue called endometrium lines up the inner wall of the uterus in normal conditions. In endometriosis, it grows outside the uterus.

Basal cell carcinoma is a cancer which can grow on parts of the skin which get a lot of sun. It is the least risky type of skin cancer and it is unlikely to spread to other parts of your body and it can be cured easily if it caught early. The tumors usually start off as small shiny bumps, usually on the nose or other parts of your face. But they might occur on any part of the body, including the arms and legs. If you are having fair skin, you are more likely to get this type of cancer.

Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder in which the patient’s body makes inadequate amount or abnormal form of haemoglobin. Treatment options include: Blood Transfusions, Iron Chelation Therapy, Bone Marrow Transplant, Surgery

Schizophrenia is a serious disorder of brain which interrupts with the way a person thinks, acts, expresses emotions & perceives reality. A person suffering from schizophrenia cannot tell what is real from what is imagined.

Multiple Myeloma is disorder in which the plasma cells produce too much of immunoglobulin into your bones and blood that builds up throughout the body and may cause organ damage. Treatment options include: Chemo, Immunotherapy, Radiation, Bone Marrow Transplant

Head and neck cancers include cancers in the larynx, throat, lips, mouth, nose, and salivary glands. Treatment options include: Surgery, Chemo, Radiation, Immunotherapy (read more…)

Cerebral Palsy is a neurological disorder which is caused by non-progressive brain injury or malformation that occurs in immature, developing brain, most often before birth. Most of the individuals who have Cerebral Palsy were most likely born with the condition, although some acquire it later (read more..)

Carcinoid tumour is the cancer of neuroendocrine, the system that is responsible for the production of hormones. It is a rare cancer & the tumour usually grows in the intestines or appdendix, it may be found in the stomach, pancreas, lung, breast, kidney, ovaries or testicles as well (read more..)

Breast cancer can also develop in males, but the chances of occurrence are very rare. In men, cancer develops in the small amount of breast tissue present behind the nipples. Treatment options include: Surgery, Chemo, Radiation, Hormone Therapy

Arthritis involves inflammation of one or more joints. Arthritis usually affects the joints like wrists, knees, hips or fingers & can also affect other connective tissues and organs, including your skin (read more..)

A Ventricular Septal Defect, also called Hole in the Heart, is a common birth defect in children. The whole occurs in the wall (septum) that separates the two chambers (ventricles) of the heart. As a result of the whole, blood leaks or passes abnormally from left to right ventricle.

Varicose veins are twisted and swollen veins that usually develop in the legs and feet, and appear just below the surface of the skin. Treatment options include: Foam Sclerotherapy, Endovenous Laser Therapy, Radiofrequency Ablation, Surgery

Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal nerve which carries sensation from your face to your brain.

Thyroid cancer is the cancer of thyroid. Thyroid is a small butterfly-shaped gland located in the lower front of the neck. Treatment options for Thyroid Cancer include: Surgery, Thyroid Hormone Therapy, Radioactive Iodine, Radiation Therapy, Chemotherapy, Immunotherapy

Testicular Cancer is the cancer of the testicles (testes) that are located inside the scrotum. The main function of the testicles is the production of male sex hormone (testosterone) & sperm production. Treatment option includes: Surgery, Radiation Therapy, Chemotherapy

Stomach Cancer also known as Gastric Cancer, occurs when cancer cells accumulate in the inner lining of the stomach. These cells grow to form a tumour. Treatment options of Stomach cancer include: Surgery, Radiation, Chemo, Immunotherapy

Prostate cancer is the cancer of prostate gland. It is the gland that is responsible for the production of seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm. Treatment options for Prostate Cancer include: Radical Prostatectomy, Radiation Therapy, Cyberknife, Brachytherapy, Chemo, Immunotherapy

“Pancreatic Cancer is the cancer that begins in the tissues of the pancreas.
Pancreas is the organ that lies behind the lower part of the stomach. Treatment options include: Surgery, chemo, radiation, targeted drug therapy”

Ovarian cancer is the cancer of ovaries. Ovaries are a part of female reproductive system, one on each side of the uterus. Treatment options include: Surgery, chemo, radiation, hormone therapy, immunotherapy

Mouth cancer or Oral Cancer is the cancer of the lips, gums, tongue, inner lining of the cheeks and roof and floor of the mouth. Treatment options for oral cancer include: Surgery, Chemo , Radiation, Immunotherapy

Lung cancer (lung carcinoma) is a malignant tumor of the lung. Like most cancers, Lung cancer can spread beyond the lung by the process of metastasis into nearby tissue or other parts of the body. Treatment options include Surgery, Chemo Radiation, SRS, Immunotherapy

Liver cancer is the cancer of cells in the liver, also known as Hepatic Cancer. Treatment options include; Resective Surgery, Liver Transplant, Chemotherapy, Radiation Therapy, Immunotherapy, RFA, Cryoablation etc

Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the body’s blood forming tissues which includes the bone marrow and the lymphatic system. Leukemia generally involves the White Blood Cells (WBCs) which are infection fighters in the body.

Heart Failure is a condition in which heart muscles cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s requirements. It usually occurs because the heart has become too weak or stiff (read more…)

Epilepsy is a disorder of central nervous system or a neurological disorder characterised by abnormal brain activity that leads to seizures and sometimes loss of awareness (read more)…

Colorectal cancer occurs when the cells lining the colon & rectum grow out of control. These cells create tumour, which is known as cancer . Treatment options include: Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation Therapy, Immuntherapy (read more…)

Cervical cancer is the cancer of cervix. It the lowest part of uterus and connects the uterus with vagina. Cervical cancer is invasive, it effects the deeper tissues of the cervix and may also effect other part of the body like the lungs, liver, rectum and vagina (read more..)

Our body is made up of cell which grow, divide and die as they get old or damaged & then are replaced by new cells. Certain genetic changes occur in the body which interferes with this orderly process of the cells & the cells begin to grow uncontrollably. This is known as Cancer (read more..)

Breast cancer occurs when the cancer is formed in the cells of the breast. The treatment options of Breast Cancer include: Surgery, Radiation Therapy, Chemo, Immunotherapy, Hormone Therapy (read more..)

A brain tumor is a medical condition caused by a lump or a mass formed inside the brain. In case of a brain tumor, the cells in the brain start multiplying and dividing in an uncontrolled manner (read more…)

A cancer in the brain can be either primary (grown in the brain itself) or Secondary (metastated from some other organ). By Brain cancer, we generally refer to cancers with primary origin in the brain (read more…)

Bone cancer is the cancer of the bones, when a tumor or abnormal mass of tissue is formed in the bone. Bone Cancer may be: Multiple Myeloma, Osteosarcoma, Ewing Sarcoma. Treatment options for Bone Cancer include: Surgery, Chemo, Radiation, Immunotherapy (read more…)

Blood cancer is a type of cancer that affects the blood cells & bone marrow. Bone marrow is a spongy tissue that is present inside the bones where the formation of blood cells takes place. Treatment options include: Chemo, Radiation & Bone Marrow Transplant (read more..)

Bladder Cancer is the cancer of bladder wherein the cells in the bladder grow abnormally & form a tumour. Bladder is a hollow organ located in the pelvis. Treatment options include: Surgery, Chemo, Radiation, Brachytherapy, Immunotherapy (read more..)

An Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is an opening or hole in the wall that separates the two upper chambers of the heart. The hole causes oxygen-rich blood to leak from the left side of the heart to the right side. This causes extra work for the right side of the heart (read more..)

Appendicitis is a medical condition in which there is an inflammation of the Appendix. The Appendix is a finger-shaped pouch that projects from the colon on the right side of our abdomen.

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is the inflammation or swelling of the aorta which is the largest artery of the body. Large aneurysms are rare, but are fatal if they burst (read more..)

Acute pancreatitis is the inflammation or swelling of pancreas. Pancreas is the long, flat gland situated behind the stomach in the upper abdomen. The main function of Pancreas is production of insulin and other important enzymes and hormones that helps to break down foods.

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) affects the blood & bone marrow. It progresses rapidly & aggressively & immediate treatment is required. Treatment options include: Chemotherapy, Radiation Therapy, Targeted Drug Therapy and Bone Marrow Transplant

In Targeted therapy, the cancer’s specific genes, proteins, or the tissue environment that contributes to cancer growth and survival are targeted. Targeted therapy is generally used with chemotherapy and other interventions.

Immunotherapy (also called biologic therapy) is a new type of cancer treatment where the body’s immune system is boosted to help the body fight cancer by itself. Immunotherapy uses substances made by the body or in a laboratory to improve or restore immune system function.

Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) is a type of spinal fusion that utilizes an anterior (front – through the abdominal region) approach to fuse (mend) the lumbar spine bones together. Interbody fusion means the intervertebral disc is removed and replaced with a bone (or metal) spacer, in this case using an anterior approach.

An Automated Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (AICD) or an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is a device that is placed in the chest & monitors the heart rate & rhythm.

Myomectomy is a surgical procedure done to remove fibroids, keeping the uterus intact. The goal of Myomectomy is to remove the symptoms-causing fibroids & reconstruct the uterus.

A mitral valve replacement is performed for replacing a poorly working mitral valve with an artificial one. The heart has four valves, and the mitral valve is one of them. This organ, which lies between the left atrium and left ventricle, helps the blood to flow, through the heart and out to the body.

Meniscus Tear Repair is a medical procedure recommended by doctors to repair damaged knee cartilage. The usual treatment method for meniscus tear can be in the form of meniscus removal, repair or replacement,

A left ventricular assist device or LVAD is a mechanical pump that is implanted inside a person’s chest to help a weakened heart to pump blood. The LVAD doesn’t replace the heart, it just helps it do its job. LVADs are often called a bridge to transplant. LVADs may also be used as destination therapy. This means it is used as long-term in some terminally ill people whose condition makes it impossible for them to get a heart transplant.

Limb Lengthening is a surgical procedure where the bone in the leg is separated and distracted or pulled apart so that new bone can form in the gap, resulting in an increase of the length. This procedure is mainly recommended for patients suffering from leg deformities or stunted growth.

Laminectomy is a form of back surgery that aims to relieve pressure from the spinal cord, one of the reasons why this procedure also goes by the name Decompression Surgery. The medical procedure enlarges the spine by surgically removing the ‘lamina’, a part of the vertebral arch present in the spine, which in turn creates a space in the spinal canal.

Knee Replacement is a surgical procedure used to treat arthritis that causes pain and limits the movement of the knee joint. In Knee Replacement, the diseased or damaged joint is replaced by an artificial joint or prosthesis.

In-Vitro Fertilisation (IVF), also called Test Tube Baby is a process of fertilization where an egg is combined with sperm outside the body, in vitro. The process involves monitoring and initiating a woman’s ovulation process, removing an ovum or ova (egg or eggs) from the woman’s ovaries and letting the fertilization process in the laboratory.

A hysterectomy is an operation to remove a woman’s uterus. A woman may opt for hysterectomy for different reasons, like: painful Uterine fibroids, bleeding, cancer or other reasons.

Total Hip Replacement is a surgical procedure prescribed for people suffering from a bad or damaged hip. In this procedure, the doctor removes the entire hip joint and replaces it with an artificial hip joint usually made of high-quality metal or plastic elements.

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery is a computer-guided procedure which is able to deliver highly focused radiation to tumors in the brain. It can also treat other vascular malformations and abnormalities in the brain. 

An electrophysiology (EP) study is a test performed to assess your heart’s electrical system or activity and is used to diagnose abnormal heartbeats or arrhythmia (read more…)

The Elbow Replacement is a surgical procedure where the damaged bone area or cartilage in the elbow region is replaced with an artificial joint or prosthetic, as it’s commonly called, to reduce pain and stiffness caused by the damaged elbow (read more…)

Cyberknife Radiosurgery is non-invasive form of surgery that uses high doses of radiation to treat a broad range of tumours throughout the body. Cyberknife delivers about 1400 highly pinpointed beams of radiation to control or destroy the tumour (read more…)

A Cochlear Implant is a device implanted in the cochlea through a surgical procedure.
The cochlea is a snail shell-shaped bone present in your inner ear.
Any person having severe hearing loss may find Cochlear Implant beneficial. The function of the device is to convert sounds in the form of electrical impulses that the brain interprets. To simply put, it replaces the function of the cochlea.

A Pacemaker is a small device that is implanted under the skin in the chest & it monitors the heartbeat & controls the heart rhythm. There are three types of Pacemakers: Single chamber pacemaker, Dual chamber pacemaker and Biventricular pacemaker

Electrophysiology Studies (EPS) and Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) are procedures to detect and treat abnormal heart rhythms.

EPS evaluates the electrical conduction system of the heart which controls the rate and timing of heart’s contractions. In EPS, a catheter with an electrode tip is inserted into a vein in the groin or arm and threaded to the heart through X-ray guidance. The electrode records the heart’s pacing activity and is then used to send pacing signals to the heart in an attempt to produce abormal rhythms (called arrhythmias) to pinpoint their origin.

The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint, keeping the head of your upper arm bone firmly within the shallow socket of the shoulder. The common reasons for rotator cuff tear are overuse and injury.

Sinuses are cavities inside a person’s skull located around the eyes and nose as well as within the front of the face. Though it is presumed that the sinus system includes the passages behind the nose, there are sinus cavities behind your forehead and eyes as well. People usually have a total of eight sinus cavities.

Spinal decompression is a surgical procedure intended to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or on one or more compressed nerve roots passing through or exiting the spinal column.

An artificial disc (also called a disc replacement, disc prosthesis or spine arthroplasty device) is a device that is implanted into the spine to imitate the functions of a normal disc (carry load and allow motion).

A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death. There are two main types of stroke:

In TAVR, a Transcatheter Aortic Valve is inserted using a catheter into the heart through a large blood vessel in your groin or through a small incision in your chest.

Tennis elbow is swelling and pain in your elbow. It’s caused by damage to the tendons in your arm that connect your muscles to your elbow bone. Usually Tennis Elbow can be treated with rest, pain relievers or an elbow cast. But if the pain persists for more than 6 months than the doctor might advise surgery.